COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems
This volume presents the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems (COOP 2016). The conference is a venue for multidisciplinary research contributing to the design, assessment and analysis of cooperative systems and their integration in organizations, public venues, and everyday life. COOP emerged from the European tradition of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Cognitive Ergonomics.
A collection of 22 papers and 4 workshop overviews are presented, reflecting the variety of research activities in the field of the design of cooperative systems with a special emphasis on “Making Together” This collection offers a broad vision of collective working practices and cooperative design, embracing the idea that design requires a deep understanding of collective activities, involving both artefacts and social practices within a context. The result is a rich and articulated debate that widens the design space towards the exploration of a variety of forms of participation and engagement in collaborative system design.
Experienced researchers, academics, designers and practitioners who are interested in collaborative design theory and methods would be interested in the state of the art research and case studies this collection provides.
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- Conference PaperDesign of Digital Environments for Operations on Vessels(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Pan, YushanThis paper reports on observations and interviews conducted through fieldwork at an offshore supply vessel to investigate offshore operational systems in use. The intention with the fieldwork was to get a better understanding of the knowledge and relationship that operators living in workspaces to use modern digital technologies. The findings are presented and analyzed through the lens of actor-network theory (ANT). The analysis shows that systems are involved in three main networks during different operations which I call host actor-network, parallel actor network and reconfigured host actor network. It also shows that these relationships contribute to dynamically changing safety issues on board, such as risky operations during tasks between the offshore support vessel and the oil platform. This paper addresses the critical issues of how different social, digital technologies and workspaces connected as networks affect the character of safety operations and the implications for the design of marine technology in workspaces and systems in a digital environment on a ship’s bridge.
- Conference PaperBack Matter(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016)
- Conference PaperComputational Artifacts: Interactive and Collaborative Computing as an Integral Feature of Work Practice(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Schmidt, Kjeld; Bansler, JørgenThe key concern of CSCW research is that of understanding computing technologies in the social context of their use, that is, as integral features of our practices and our lives, and to think of their design and implementation under that perspective. However, the question of the nature of that which is actually integrated in our practices is often discussed in confusing ways, if at all. The article aims to try to clarify the issue and in doing so revisits and reconsiders the notion of ‘computational artifact’.
- Conference PaperLet’s Look Outside the Office: Analytical Lens Unpacking Collaborative Relationships in Global Work(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Matthiesen, Stina; Bjørn, PernilleGlobal software development (GSD) outsourcing setups are assumed to allow IT developers to work anywhere and anytime, removing the contextual contingencies of physical location. However, we challenge this assumed flexibility in our ethnographic study on GSD work as we unpack the nature of the collaborative work through the experiences and the concerns of the collaborators in Denmark and in India. We explore the difficulties in global work to understand how the everyday work practices in the global collaboration are enacted locally. The study shows how the dissimilarities in the local conditions for work are distinctly tied to the societal infrastructures outside the office, which also shape the work within the office. Reflecting on our analytical approach, we propose three analytical moves to investigate the nature of local contextual contingencies posed by the local infrastructures and impacting global work conditions. We argue that CSCW research on global work should include analytical considerations for how societal infrastructures at the different sites impact how work is accomplished locally in transnational encounters.
- Conference PaperBeatfield: An Open-Meaning Audiovisual Exploration(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Masu, Raul; Conci, Andrea; Menestrina, Zeno; Morreale, Fabio; De Angeli, AntonellaThis paper presents Beatfield, a musical installation that allows players to explore an audiovisual landscape by positioning tangible objects on an augmented game board. The underlying idea of the installation was the proposition of an artefact that could encourage heterogeneous interpretations. Beatfield had to offer a multitude of interpretations and ways of appropriating the system; there would be not a right or wrong way to play with it. To this end, the design of the installation integrated related work on open-ended interaction, ambiguity, and appropriation with enigmatic aesthetics, ambiguous interaction strategies, and unpredictable mapping between user input and audiovisual output. The results collected from a user study confirmed the potential of the installation to stimulate a variety of different experiences and interaction strategies.
- Conference Paper“You Cannot Grow Viscum on Soil”: The “Good” Corporate Social Media Also Fail(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Cabitza, Federico; Locoro, Angela; Simone, CarlaThe paper illustrates the adoption of an Enterprise Social Media in a multinational corporation: the primary goal was to support the sharing of experiences among its members and to facilitate their collaboration. The paper highlights the outcomes and the problems that have been encountered in the effort to link this initiative to the achievement of the goals mentioned above, and tries to summarize the main reasons of these problems. The study adopted a research design in which an online questionnaire was administered to the corporation employee. By analysing the responses, we distilled the major points raised by the employees, among which lack of interest and use. The discussion focuses on the lessons that we drew from this experience on how an Enterprise Social Media should be introduced within organizations, e.g., by considering integration with other systems and the inadequacies emerged during the pilot experience.
- Conference PaperListening to the Walkable City(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Willis, Max; Christ, Melissa CateThis paper describes the creation, experience and assessment of a soundscape installation, conceived and undertaken as a contribution to the research project “Hong Kong Stair Archive: Documenting the Walkable City”. It examines the use of audio recordings and their presentation in a three-dimensional sound-field installation to provide an additional layer of data, analysis and interactivity to the investigation of pedestrian urban environments. This installation combines culturally and socially definitive sounds, photographs, architectural drawings and introductory texts to draw attention to the unique qualities of walking spaces and their use context, participatory nature and importance to life in the modern city.
- Conference PaperFeltRadio: Experiencing and Participating in WiFi Activities Through Sensorial Augmentation(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Fritsch, Jonas; Grönvall, ErikFeltRadio is a portable technology for sensing WiFi through sensorial augmentation and Electric Muscle Stimulation (EMS). The technology enables its wearer to sensorially engage with the radio waves and WiFi activities that have become an integrated part of our everyday lives. The sensorial engagement changes people’s experience of WiFi activities, and allows them to participate in wireless communication infrastructures in novel ways. This is both an immediately embodied activity as it is a new form of social awareness. In this paper, we briefly present the FeltRadio technology and show how it facilitates new forms of critical reflection through sensorial participation in our contemporary experience of wireless traffic.
- Conference PaperThe Many Faces of Computational Artifacts(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Christensen, Lars Rune; Harper, Richard H. R.Building on data from fieldwork at a medical department, this paper focuses on the varied nature of computational artifacts in practice. It shows that medical practice relies on multiple heterogeneous computational artifacts that form complex constellations. In the hospital studied the computational artifacts are both coordinative, image-generating, and intended for the control of nuclear-physical and chemical processes. Furthermore, the paper entails a critique of the notion of ‘computer support’, for not capturing the diverse constitutive powers of computer technology; its types if you will. The paper is a step towards establishing a lexicon of computational artifacts in practice. It is a call for a wider effort to systematically conceptualise the multiple and specifiable ways in which computational artifacts may be part of work activities. This is for the benefit of design and our understanding of work practice.
- Conference PaperFrom Eco-feedback to an Organizational Probe, Highlighting Paper Affordances in Administrative Work(COOP 2016: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 2016) Mazzega, Matthieu; Willamowski, Jutta; Hoppenot, Yves; Grasso, AntoniettaIn this paper we present a pilot study of the Print Awareness Tool (PAT). We initially designed PAT as an eco-feedback tool for paper waste reduction, but in our pilot study, it proved additionally even more valuable as an organizational probe providing the opportunity to question organizational paper-based workflows in general. Our findings illustrate that this is particularly true for administrative work where individuals have little agency, i.e. control over the printing tasks and processes they are involved in. We saw, however, that to capitalize on this effect, and to gather and benefit from the knowledge coming to the surface, the tool has to be enriched and managed accordingly. In addition, our study also showed evidence of paper affordances for administrative work that go beyond those discussed in the literature so far. From our findings we finally derive design requirements to digitally support such affordances and to extend PAT from a paper waste reduction tool into an infrastructure that would support organizations with a paper to digital transition.
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